Keyword

Industry, industrial strategy, regional development, clusters,

Abstract

In Algeria, regional development was first realized, in the framework of a planned economy in the 1970s, by local development programs or plans for local equipment focused on creating jobs, industry promotion, and development of rural and Saharan regions but without any decision-making autonomy granted to local authorities. The industry, which is the object of our study, then benefited from economic programs of the local industry (PIL). These were to be the basis for creating a second decentralized state industrial sector. The aim of the PIL was to offset the negative effects of state industrialization process in order to use local resources, ensure the satisfaction of local needs and to decentralize land use policy. Thus, the industrial areas have been created: nearly 500 business zones and 70 industrial zones spread over a total area of 22,000 hectares. These were, however, spaces of corporate storage. Following the liberalization of the economy since the 1990s, the lack of competitiveness of industrial enterprises has become a major problem, and then an industrial strategy has been developed since 2007. One of the principal objectives of this latter was to create integrated industrial development zones (ZIDI) or clusters. According to the national planning strategy, these ZIDI will be created in areas where there are concentration of businesses, infrastructure availability, proximity to university, research institutions and quality of services. We propose in this study


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